Vienna Slavic Yearbook. N.S. 10 (2022) – Abstracts
Die Verehrung der Kirchenväter in den ihnen gewidmeten Akoluthien des ostslavischen Gottesdienstmenäums
Dagmar Christians (Bonn)
The article „Praising the Fathers of the Church in the acoluthia of the East-Slavonic Service menaion dedicated to them“ examines if and to what extent the hymns preserved in the menaion were suited to fulfill not only a mere liturgical role but also a didactic one, namely to teach the monks the dogmatics of the orthodox faith when monastic life was just being institutionalised in the Kievan Rus’. For this purpose, the author analysed acoluthia dedicated to important religious teachers preserved in those monthly volumes of the Service menaion, which are already published in scientific editions. Most of the examined hymns are purely panegyrical. They are characterised by stereotypical metaphors that show the saints as representatives of the religious teacher type. The services share a common anti-heretical polemic, some of the hymns are hardly more than catalogues of heresies or their commonly known representatives. In most of the services there are just a few hymns reserved to present fundamental dogmata of the orthodox faith as taught by the Fathers of the Church, mostly narrowed down to the essential arguments.
Keywords: Slavic hymnography, East-slavonic Service menaion, liturgical hymns, Fathers of the Church, anti-heretic polemic, liturgical topoi
Spiegelungen. Zur Spezifik des Donautextes
Walter Koschmal (Regensburg)
The paper “Reflections. On the Specificity of the Danube text” considers the symbolic language of river texts and compares them. The study draws primarily on the texts collected by Vatroslav Jagić on the South Slavic folk epic, especially on the Danube, to newly conceptualize the semiotics of river texts. The findings show that manifold reflections in a homogeneous context are the core techniques of texts about the Danube which are primarily engaged in connecting, not separating, and view this for the first time in an East-West context. This is what defines the poetological specificity of the “Danube text” in general. In this way, the Danube text can become part of a comparative poetics of river texts.
Keywords: Danube text, semiotics of river texts, poetics of reflections, comparative studies
Hæc sunt Roma: «Воспоминания» и «Рим» Баратынского как фрагменты «римского текста» европейской поэзии
Игорь Пильщиков (Лос-Анджелес / Таллинн)
The article presents addenda to a literary and linguistic commentary on the Greco-Roman fragments of Evgeny Baratynsky’s juvenile descriptive poem “Recollections” (1819) and his more famous elegy, “Rome” (1821). The focus is on the Russian and European intertext to which these poems belong. Both “Recollections”, in which Baratynsky combined passages translated from Gabriel Legouvé, Jacques Delille, Charles-Julien de Chênedollé and a few other sources, and “Rome” are intimately linked to the French late neoclassical and preromantic poetic tradition. Characteristically, Baratynsky’s poems contain numerous French literary clichés that he rhymes and/or semantically correlates with Church Slavonicisms. In Russian poetry these phrases remained hapax legomena and thus contributed to Baratynsky’s reputation as the most original poet of the “Pushkin Pleiad”. This mode of cultural appropriation, making the unique out of the stereotypical and turning the universal or the foreign into the local and the domestic, is characteristic of Baratynsky’s poetics. At the same time, we envisage the process of universalization of the individual text, its infusion into the cultural (hyper)text–in the present case, “the text of Rome”. From this point of view, the “urban text” transcends all generic, linguistic, and national cultural limitations: multilingual texts on a similar topic function as variants or fragments of a single hypertext.
Keywords: Rome in European poetry, French influence on Russian poetry, Gallicisms, neologisms, Church Slavonic archaisms, Baratynsky
Menschengesichter, Charaktermasken. Zu Alexander Eliasbergs Bildergalerie zur russischen Literatur (1922)
Carmen Sippl (Wien)
“Human Faces, Character Masks: On Alexander Eliasberg's Picture Gallery of Russian Literature (1922)” provides a biobibliographical description of this special volume as a small form of philological ekphrasis. The bilingual (German/Russian) edition from 1922 is outwardly captivating due to its bibliophile book design, which was of particular importance to the publisher Woldemar Klein for the books of his Orchis publishing house. In this article, the collection of portraits and writing samples of Russian writers from Vasily Trediakovsky to Anna Akhmatova will be portrayed itself. The focus is on the image-text relationships, particularly the iconographic canonisation strategies of the editor Alexander Eliasberg and their support through the introduction by Thomas Mann.
Keywords: Alexander Eliasberg, Russian-German cultural dialogue, bibliophily, intermediality, visual archive, strategies of canonization
Еще раз о «спасении природы»: Александр Блок, Владимир Соловьев и понятие «культуры»
Аркадий Блюмбаум (Санкт-Петербург)
“Returning to the Subject of ʻThe Salvation of Natureʼ: Aleksandr Blok, Vladimir Solov’ev and the Concept of Culture”. The article concerns the history of a concept, intellectual history more broadly, and the history of literature. It is devoted to the concept of culture in the work of Aleksandr Blok. In Blok’s texts, one can find two meanings of this term. On the one hand, culture is understood as an instrument for the suppression of affects, as an intellectual alienation from nature, as an agent of the “civilizational process.” In other words, culture is understood in the spirit of the European Enlightenment. On the other hand, Blok regards culture as an irrational phenomenon, as the removal of this alienation from nature. The evolution of the concept of culture in Blok’s texts becomes clearer when included in the long dispute between Romanticism and Enlightenment.
Keywords: Alexander Blok, Conceptual history, Intellectual history, Culture, Enlightenment, Romanticism, Nature, Russian symbolism
Харьковский кружок «формалистов» и ОПОЯЗ
Андрей Устинов (Сан Франциско) / Галина Бабак (Вена / Харкiв)
The essay “Kharkiv Circle of Formalists and the OPOIAZ” reconstructs the history of interrelations, both personal and professional between Ukrainian scholars, who participated in the “historical and literary circle” in Kharkiv, and members of the “OPOIAZ” in the first half of the 1920s. The authors recreate the context of the reception of the “formal method” in Ukraine, as well as theoretical and literary ramifications related to reception of the Formalist concepts within Ukrainian culture. The essay introduces Ieremiah Aizenshtok’s unpublished correspondence from his archives with the members of the “OPOIAZ” including Vladimir and Viktor Shklovsky, as well as Yury Tynianov’s letter from 1932.
Keywords: OPOIAZ, Literary Kharkiv, Ieremiah Aizenshtok, Aleksandr Beletsky, Vladimir Shklovsky, Viktor Shklovsky, Viktor Zhirmunsky, Yury Tynianov
Das Kroatische während des Ustaša-Regimes (1941–1945) – ein Forschungsproblem.
Zur Erforschung der Sprache der fiktionalen Prosa
am Beispiel des Romans „Giga Barićeva“
Elias Moncef Bounatirou (Wien / Bern)
The Croatian language during the Ustaša regime (1941–1945): a research problem. Exploring the language of Croatian fictional prose and the case of the novel “Giga Barićeva”. – The article discusses the problematic state of research on the history of the Croatian language during the Ustaša regime (1941–1945) and particularly on the language of fictional prose of that time. The analysis focuses on a literary work that underwent massive censorship under the Ustaše, the novel “Giga Barićeva” by Milan Begović. A closer look at the case of this novel reveals the extent to which the study of the fate of the Croatian language during the Ustaša period still represents a scholarly desideratum. Thus, the modern authoritative edition of “Giga Barićeva” shows an insufficiently critical approach to the history of the text and an insufficient consideration of existing research. As a result, the authoritative edition of “Giga Barićeva” is based on a text version whose language and content were heavily modified against the author’s will according to the Ustaša’s policies.
Keywords: Croatian, Ustaša regime, linguistic analysis, fictional prose, history of language, Milan Begović, “Giga Barićeva”, censorship, identity building, research taboo
Morphologische Varianz im heutigen Standardtschechisch – am Beispiel der Personalendungen -me und -m in indikativen Verbformen der 1. Person Plural
Pavel Sojka (Prag)
“Morphological variation in contemporary Standard Czech – using the example of the personal endings ‑me and ‑m in first person plural indicative verb forms”. In Czech, the coexistence of the first person plural endings ‑me and ‑m in indicative verb forms dates back to a remote past. While in Old Czech both the plural ending ‑m and ‑me could be applied to all thematic verbs, this pattern changed when the singular ending ‑m spread from a small group of athematic verbs to a large group of thematic verbs. Thus, in modern Czech, the ending ‑me can be used with all verbs, whereas the plural ending ‑m can only be used with some conjugation types and its occurrence in written texts is rare. Nonetheless, in 1941, the plural ending ‑m was codified alongside with the ending ‑me. In this paper, we aim to answer the question how the endings ‑me and ‑m are used in contemporary TV journalism, namely in the Interview ČT24 TV programme. The examined specimen comprises 200 live recordings (2020–2021).
Keywords: Standard Czech, morphological variation, conjugation, codification, spoken texts, TV journalism
Неизвестная статья Константина Мочульского / Алексея Ремизова (мотивация сокрытия имени как ключ к атрибуции текстов)
Елена Обатнина (Санкт-Петербург)
The essay “An Unknown Article of Konstantin Mоchulsky / Aleksei Remizov: The Motivation for Hiding a Name as a Key in Attributing Authorship to Texts” is devoted to the problem of the attribution of anonymous texts of Aleksei Remizov and their classification in the section “Dubia” in creating bibliographies and describing published sources in an academic collected works edition. Using examples of the writer’s anonymous works in the émigré press, the article considers the motives for hiding a name, considering the biographical elements key in attributing texts that are published unsigned. In particular the author examines an extraordinary case where Remizov’s name was replaced by that of Konstantin Mochulsky.
Keywords: Textology, attribution, idiostyle, dubia, bibliography, anonymous publications, pragmatics of literary behaviour, Aleksei Remizov, Konstantin Mоchulsky
«Я уже потусторонний зритель, далекий…».
И. Е. Репин, Н. П. Кондаков и Чехословакия
Юлия Янчаркова (Прага)
The article “„I am already a distant spectator, a spectator from the world beyond“ ... Ilya E. Repin, Nikodim P. Kondakov and Czechoslovakia” deals with the last letter written by Ilya Repin to his old friend Nikodim Kondakov, who was in Prague. The letter was written before Christmas in 1924 as a response to a letter from Kondakov. Repin mentions one of Kondakov’s photographs that was published in the Berlin magazine „Nash mir“ (“Our World”) and later issued as a propaganda postcard by a Macedonian student association in Vienna. The short letter contains a wealth of references to events and circumstances in the lives of both artists.
Keywords: Ilya E. Repin, Nikodim P. Kondakov, Russian emigration in Prague, Repin’s exhibitions in Czechoslovakia, Kondakov’s portraits
Из комментариев к книге стихотворений и переводов Эллиса «Крест и Лира» III–VI
Федор Поляков (Вена)
This is a continuation of the series of research publications under the general title “А Commentary to Ellis’ Book of Poems and Translations The Cross and the Lyre,” which is devoted to the study of the unpublished book of poems by the poet-Symbolist Ellis (Lev Kobylinskii, 1879–1947). The present contribution consists of four sections: “III. The Death of the Templar: The transformation of Caesarius von Heisterbach’s legend about the Knight Albert Scothart”; “IV. The Last Mass: The source of the legend about Count Simon de Montfort” (commander of the campaign against the Albigensians); “V. The Charms of Dobrfeld: A Danish ballad about twelve heroes from the collection of folksongs of Johann Gottfried Herder”; “VI. The poet’s apotheosis: some reminiscences from Wieland’s Oberon”. In the essay the mechanisms of adaptation of medieval tales and legends is examined in connection with Ellis’ poetry.
Keywords: Ellis (Lev Kobylinskii), Russian symbolism, the reception of the Western European Middle Ages in Russian culture, Caesarius von Heisterbach, the order of the Templars in literature, legends of the Templars in Brittany, Count Simon de Montfort, the Albigensians, Scandinavian heroic poetry, Kæmpeviser, Johann Gottfried Herder, Wilhelm Grimm, Christoph Martin Wieland, translations of medieval poetry
Tertia Vigilia: К истории американского юбилея «Слова о полку Игореве»
Андрей Устинов (Сан Франциско)
The essay reconstructs the circumstances of publishing the American edition of “The Song of Igor’s Campaign” in 1951 under the auspices of the “New Review” magazine initiated by the historian Mikhail Karpovich. He was the one who invited a prominent artist Mstislav Dobuzhinsky to illustrate Georgii Golokhvastov’s new translation. Karpovich also recommended to Roman Jakobson, who became his colleague at Harvard University to have Dobuzhinsky’s illustrations and sketches displayed at a special exhibition dedicated to the 150th Anniversary of the first publication of “The Song of Igor’s Campaign,” accomplished by the Prince Musin-Pushkin in 1801.
Keywords: The Song of Igor’s Campaign, Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Roman Jakobson, Mikhail Karpovich, New Review.
Роль ректора Ф. Д. Клемента в научной и педагогической биографии Ю. М. Лотмана
Галина Пономарева (Таллинн)
The essay explores the relations between Yury Lotman and Tartu University Rector Fedor Klement.
Keywords: Yury Lotman; Fedor Klement; Tartu University during the Soviet Period; Slavic Studies in Estonia; History of the Tartu-Moscow School of Soviet Semiotics and Structuralism
Provocateur, Pirate, Book Artist, Part II: An Archival Description of the Alec Flegon Papers
Alexander L. Jacobson (Princeton NJ)
This article provides a continuation to “Provocateur, Pirate, Book Artist: An Introduction to Alec Flegon” (Jacobson 2020), published in this journal two years ago. Expanding on the biography established in the former piece, this article describes the publisher’s archive at Harvard University’s Houghton Library, focusing on materials which illuminate key elements of Alec Flegon’s life and work. In particular, the article describes material relating to Flegon’s numerous publications of and spats with Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn; papers on other books issued by the Flegon Press, including first editions of Kotlovan and Sobach’e serdtse; and documentation from the publisher’s personal life. The piece also employs archival images to illustrate Flegon’s creative process, bolstering the claim, first advanced in the previous article, that Flegon was “an insightful book artist, creating critiques of Soviet publishing practice only possible within the medium of the book.” (Jacobson 2020: 240).
Keywords: Alec Flegon, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Flegon Press, Book art, Tamizdat